A List of Arguments For and Against Zoos

A zoo is a place where captive animals are put on display for humans to see. While early zoos (shorted from zoological parks) concentrated on displaying as many unusual creatures as possible—often in small, cramped conditions—the focus of most modern zoos is conservation and education. While zoo advocates and conservationists argue that zoos save endangered species and educate the public, many  animal rights activists believe the cost of confining animals outweighs the benefits, and that the violation of the rights of individual animals—even in efforts to fend off extinction—cannot be justified. A Brief History of Zoos Humans have kept wild animals for thousands of years. The capture of exotic animals such as giraffes, elephants, bears, dolphins, and a variety of birds for the purpose of exhibition goes back to  ancient Mesopotamia, circa 2500 BCE. The practice began as a show of wealth by private citizens who kept animals in private menageries. Modern zoos began to evolve during the 18th century and the Age of Enlightenment, when scientific interest in zoology, as well as the study of animal behavior and anatomy, came to the fore. Arguments for Zoos By bringing people and animals together, zoos educate the public and foster an appreciation of the other species.Zoos save endangered species by bringing them into a safe environment, where they are protected from poachers, habitat loss, starvation, and predators.Many zoos have breeding programs for endangered species. In the wild, these individuals might have trouble finding mates and breeding, and species could become extinct.Reputable zoos accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums and are held to high standards for the treatment of their resident animals. According to the AZA, accreditation means, official recognition and approval of a zoo or aquarium by a group of experts.A good zoo provides an enriched habitat in which the animals are never bored, are well cared for, and have plenty of space.Zoos are a tradition, and a visit to a zoo is a wholesome, family activity.Seeing an animal in person is a much more personal and more memorable experience than seeing that animal in a nature documentary and is more likely to foster an empathetic attitude toward animals.Some zoos help rehabilitate wildlife and take in exotic pets that people no longer want or are no longer able to care for.Both accredited and unaccredited animal exhibitors are regulated by the federal Animal Welfare Act, which establishes standards for animal care. Arguments Against Zoos From an animal rights standpoint, humans do not have a right to breed, capture, and confine other animals—even if those species are endangered. Being a member of an endangered species doesnt mean the individual animals should be afforded fewer rights.Animals in captivity suffer from stress, boredom, and confinement. No pen—no matter how humane—or drive-through safari can compare to the freedom of the wild.Intergenerational bonds are broken when individuals are sold or traded to other zoos.Baby animals bring in visitors and money, but this incentive to breed new baby animals leads to overpopulation. Surplus animals are sold not only to other zoos, but also to circuses, canned hunting facilities, and even for slaughter. Some zoos simply kill their surplus animals outright.The vast majority of captive breeding programs do not release animals back into the wild. The offspring are forever part of the chain of zoos, circuses, petting zoos, and the exotic pet trade that buys, sells, barters, and generally exploits animals. For example, an Asian elephant named Ned was born at an accredited zoo, however, he was later confiscated from an abusive circus trainer and finally sent to a sanctuary.Removing individual specimens from the wild further endangers the wild population because the remaining individuals will be less genetically diverse and may have greater difficulty finding mates.If people want to see wild animals in real life, they can observe wildlife in the wild or visit a sanctuary. (A true sanctuary does not buy, sell, or breed animals, but instead takes in unwanted exotic pets, surplus animals from zoos, or injured wildlife that can no longer survive in the wild.)The federal Animal Welfare Act establishes only the most minimal standards for cage size, shelter, health care, ventilation, fencing, food, and water. For example, enclosures must provide sufficient space to allow each animal to make normal postural and social adjustments with adequ ate freedom of movement. Inadequate space may be indicated by evidence of malnutrition, poor condition, debility, stress, or abnormal behavior patterns. Violations often result in a slap on the wrist and the exhibitor is given a deadline to correct the violation. Even a long history of inadequate care and AWA violations, such as the history of Tony the Truck Stop Tiger, does not necessarily ensure abused animals will be freed.Animals sometimes escape their enclosures, endangering themselves as well as people. Likewise, people ignore warnings or accidentally get too close to animals, leading to horrific outcomes. For example, Harambe, a 17-year-old western lowland gorilla, was shot in 2016 when a toddler accidentally fell into his enclosure at the Cincinnati Zoo. While the child survived and was not badly injured, the gorilla was killed outright.Petting zoos  have been linked with numerous incidents of  diseases  including E. coli, cryptosporidiosis, salmonellosis, and dermatom ycosis (ringworm). The Last Word on Zoos In making a case for or against zoos, both sides argue that theyre saving animals. Whether or not zoos benefit the animal community, they certainly do make money. As long as there is demand for them, zoos will continue to exist. Since zoos are likely an inevitability, the best way to move forward is to ensure that zoo conditions are the best possible for the animals that live in captivity and that individuals who violate animal care health and safety sanctions are not only duly punished, but denied any future access to animals.

AIDS Essay examples - 1537 Words

Research Paper: AIDS Did you know that in the United States of America the sixth leading cause of death in people from their mid 20’s through their mid 40’s is AIDS (Zuger, 2010)? AIDS stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome and is a disease derived from the virus known as Human Immunodeficiency Virus. The immune system gets broken down when someone has AIDS and it is basically the highest form of HIV. When a person has HIV, the CD4 cells get infected and start to deteriorate and once the CD4 count is below 200, the person is considered to have AIDS rather than HIV (â€Å"Living†, 2005). Not many people know that AIDS is extremely prevalent in the world because it is not spoken about in society as much as it used to be when it first†¦show more content†¦Some women encounter vaginal itching, discharge, pain and irritation, which heighten the risk of passing on the virus to others (Cunningham, 2000). Though there are many signs and symptoms for HIV/AIDS, it is possible for a patient to have little to no symptoms at all within the first ten years of having it (Zuger, 2010). Having no symptoms is more of a curse than a blessing because if the person infected does not know they have anything wrong, they will not seek medical help. This is horrible considering it is better to start getting treated as soon as possible to stay as healthy as possible for longer while having HIV/AIDS. Another reason it would be better to have symptoms is because since it is attacking the immune system, it is destroying the lymph node glands that are trying to fight off the infection and the sooner a person can find out, the sooner they can start salvaging their lymph nodes so they can help fight off future, less severe infections. Not having any signs of HIV/AIDS is harmful because the weaker immune system a person has, the more likely it is for them to get something like pneumonia which is extremely lif e threatening even in someone who is healthy. Without taking an HIV test, it is impossible to determine whether or not these symptoms are because the patient is affected with HIV or if they have something else that is wrong. There are many tests that can be used to figure out if a person is infected but the most common one is theShow MoreRelatedHiv / Aids And Aids1356 Words   |  6 PagesJust about two decades ago, HIV/AIDS pandemic was the only thing that is mentioned in social media (Gus â€Å"Introduction to HIV/AIDS†). Proved to be originally from Sub Saharan Africa (S.S Africa) region, HIV/AIDS has spread throughout not only the S.S. Africa, but it eventually becomes the global disaster in the late 20th century (Gus). 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Coffee and Company Overview Starbucks free essay sample

Starbucks is an international company which was started in 1971 at Seattle’s Pike Place Market. Today, Starbucks operates in around 60 countries around the world, and they have more than 18,000 stores. Starbucks keep expanding the number of retail stores, and as a result it is the largest and most well-known coffee shop in the world. In 1987, Howard Schulz bought Starbucks, and the company really took off in a dramatic way, and has continued to be successful from that time until today. Howard Schulz was determined to make Starbucks into a â€Å"place for conversation and community,† and this idea influenced the Starbucks mission, which is â€Å"to inspire and nurture the human spirit – one person, one cup and one neighborhood at a time. † Starbucks has been working to increase customer satisfaction by improving beverage taste, the speed of service provided, the friendliness of Starbucks employees, and by bringing forth new retail and beverage items constantly. To Starbucks, providing service is more important than the quality of coffee. Starbucks strives to provide quality customer service and create an inviting atmosphere and an exceptional cup of coffee. 1. Identify the controllable and uncontrollable elements that Starbucks has encountered in entering global markets. According to the text, the controllable elements are those which are within the organization and are eligible to controlling the operation of an organization, which includes the management, or more detailed business plans or strategies they are carrying. The controllable elements that Starbucks has encountered in entering global markets would be higher price in Italy, and their promotion. Starbucks spends just 1% of revenue on Advertisement of new launches. There are many uncontrollable elements such as competition, culture economic forces and political/legal forces. Organizations cannot control the uncontrollable elements, but they must learn to adapt to them or, in other words, must manage them. One of those elements Starbucks has encountered in entering global markets is that 14% of economy down turn in Japan. Starbucks also have to compete with local rivals where they offer drinks at similar fare in Japan and this could be also one of the uncontrollable elements. 2. What are the major sources of risk facing the company? Starbucks are facing problems of changing generation. After riding the wave of successful baby boomers through the 1990s, they faces an ominously hostile reception from its future consumers, the twenty- or thirty-somethings of Generation X. People in this generation do not feel like spending $3 for a cup of coffee. Some young generation just find the whole Starbucks scene a bit pretentious and they would rather go to Dunkin Donuts for cheaper coffee and food. A possible solution for this problem would be offering new facilities to their customers. Starbucks continues to try fundaental store changes, such as expanding a high-speed wireless Internet service to about 1,200 Starbucks locations in North America and Europe. This offer might make new generation think that it seems reasonable to pay $3 per cup. Starbucks executives hope such innovations will be helping surmount their toughest challange in the home market: attracting the next generation of customers. 3. Critique Starbucks’ overall corporate strategy. Even though Starbucks have many stores around the world, eight cities in the U. S. and Canada remained unaccessed. Since U. S. is the starter of Starbucks, the company should expand their business to all the cities. The more outlets they have the more sales they would have. Starbucks is one of the companies which use very few advertising expenses. They rarly advertise in media and focus more on word of mouth which seems to be working but the company would improve in a better way by advertising more in media and public. If they spend more money on advertising the company would raise more in sales such as bilboard ads, commercial and public posters. Moreover, they pay low for their employees which is considered as a problem within their company. By paying the employees with more high rate, it would motivate the emplooyees to work harder which will lead to high sales. 4. How might Starbucks improve profitability in Japan? Japan is one the countries in the world that have high a Starbucks consumer rates. However, the marketing strategy in Japan is improvable in many ways. First, the price positioning in is higher compared to other countries. A customer in Japan can only buy a small size coffee with the price where a customer in US can buy a grande coffee. This should be improved since the price in Starbucks is too high compared to other coffee shops in Japan. By reducing the prce, the sales would increase with benefits. Another problem is that Starbucks tend to have long waiting lines at many stores (unless it is not located in a very rural area) which can be a huge loss time for business people in Japan. Targeting those business people, they should launch an online ordering and pick-up system so that they can order without considering the time. Consumers would find the service useful to order online by reducing the time the consumers have to spend waiting in the line and for the coffee to be made. As a marketing strategy in Japan, Starbucks should offer services that fit into Japanese cultures and lifestyles.

William Shakespeare Essays (588 words) - Titus Andronicus, Kings Men

William Shakespeare William Shakespeare was born in Statfordon-Avon, England in April 1564. The son of John Shakespeare a Glover and his mother Mary Arden who came of wealthy framing family. William Shakespeare was the eldest of three sons there were also four daughters, only one of his sisters out lived William. From when Shakespeare died there has been lots of books written about Shakespeare and his works. Such as Shakespeare in his Brie Lives written by Aurbery in the 17th century and Shakespeare Truth and Tradition written by Dr J. S. Smart in 1928. There have been many more but too many to list. Shakespeare grew up and developed a great sense of words and how to use them. He soon met a wife Anne Hathaway she was from a good farming family much like his mother was and soon they were married. In 1583 Anne had a baby girl Susanna and two years later she gave birth to twins Hamnet and Judith. Shakespeare they thought probably came to London because of this. Soon after he published his first text Greenes Attack in a Groats-worth of Witte. There is a great gap in when he wrote this play and the next one. Then in 1591 he started his career as a writer, during the years 1592-1594 when the theatres were closed because the plague. Shakespeare started to really write he wrote most of his erotic poems Venus and Adonis and The Rape of Lucrece from 1593 to 1594. Both of these poems there dedicated to the Earl of Southampton. (Im sure he was flattered) In the first period of writing for Shakespeare he developed his writing as much as he could ortho only two of the plays he wrote would be common knowledge to any bloke. He wrote play and poems like Titus Andronicus , The Taming of the Shrew and an early version of Hamlet. The playhouse that these productions there being watched in was built and owned by the father of the actor Richard Burbage up to 1597 then the expiry of the lease forced them out and they had the find a new playhouse. They eventually had to build a another playhouse on the south bank of the river. Witch is now famous and called the Globe with the massive expense that this need ed the father of Burbage decided that they needed people to help finance this operation. So he got partners to help with the cost one of the partners was William Shakespeare and even Richard Bubage was given a place in this fathers business. This was good for Shakespeare because he now had some funding so he could concentrate on writing. This period ended in 1594 With this change it brought about a great change in Shakespeare in the second period that lasted from 1594-1616 he started to write his greatest pieces such as Midsummer Nights Dream, Romeo and Juliet in 1596 and The Tempest, Henry viii witch was started in 1609 and finished in 1613. He lived modestly at his house in Silver Street witch is now famous he lived there from 1602-1606 and then he shifted to the south side to be near the Globe. William Shakespeare died in 1616 in Stratford he was berried in the chancel of the Holy Trinity and on his gravestone is inscribed. Good friends of Jesus, sake forebear To dig the dust enclosed here Blessed be the man who spares these stones And cursed be he who moves my bones Bibliography me Poetry Essays